Which of the following is a sign of fluid overload in a patient?

Edema is a direct manifestation of fluid overload in the body. When the body retains excess fluid, it can lead to swelling in various parts, particularly the extremities, abdomen, or face. This occurs because the increased volume of fluid in the vascular system can leak out into the surrounding tissues, causing them to swell.

In contrast, the other options do not indicate fluid overload. Increased appetite may suggest a different physiological state or nutritional needs but does not correlate with fluid retention. Weight loss indicates a deficit rather than an excess of fluids, signaling dehydration or other underlying issues. Frequent urination could occur due to various reasons, including increased fluid intake or conditions such as diabetes, but it is not a sign of fluid overload—it can sometimes be associated with fluid deficit scenarios. Understanding the physiological responses of the body helps to clearly identify fluid overload signs like edema.